HeizReportIndicators

__ Extent __ · Farmlands o  Total Cropland- § Acreage of Cropland in the U.S. §  Data from the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service for current cropland acreage, National Resources Inventory (NRI) program and the USDA Economic Research Service (ERS) for historic trend o  The Farmland Landscape § The percentage of the farmland landscape that is cropland- land actively used for crop production, pasture, or haylands. § The composition of the noncropland area in the farmland landscape that is forest, wetland, grassland and shrubland, water, or development. § Data Source: Multi-Resolution Land Characterization (MRLC) Consortium and ESRI (road map): Analysis by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the U.S. Forest Service - National Land Cover Dataset (NLCD) accessed at http://www.mrlc.gov § Does not describe the quality of non-cropland habitat or the degree of management in place on these lands · Forests o  Forest Area and Ownership § Indicates the total area of forest land by region and the ownership of forest land by private corporations or individuals (including family trusts and tribes) or public entities § Data Source: US Forest Service at [|http://fia.fs.fed.us] o  Forest Types § Area occupied by major forest types over time- oak hickory, North, Maple-beech birch, North, Oak-hickory South, Maple-beech-birch South and Northern Conifers South, Aspen-birch north, Elm-ash-cottonwood North, Loblolly-shortleaf pine, North, Nonstocked, North, Oak-gum-cypress, South, Longleaf-slash pine South, Fir-spruce, interior west, other softwoods, pacific coast. Focus on those in South. § Data Source: Forest Inventory and Analysis program at http://fia.fs.fed.us <span style="background: yellow; font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-highlight: yellow; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msohighlight: yellow; msolist: Ignore;">o   Forest Management Categories <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ The percentage of forest area in several different management categories- reserved lands, planted timberland, natural/ seminatural timberland, other natural/seminatural forest land <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Data Source: Forest Service at [|http://fia.fs.fed.us], US Geological Survey Gap Analysis Program [|http://gapanalysis.nbii.gov] , and Conservation biology Institute and USDA Forest Service at [] <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· Fresh Waters <span style="background: yellow; font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-highlight: yellow; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msohighlight: yellow; msolist: Ignore;">o  Extent of Freshwater Ecosystems <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Tracks the extent of freshwater wetlands, lakes, ponds, rivers, and streams with wetlands, ponds, and lakes by acreage and rivers and streams by length in stream miles. Riparian areas based on land cover adjacent to the stream or river. <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Wetlands, Lakes, Reservoirs, and Ponds Data Sources: Dahl 2006, Frayer et al. (1983) and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service- The Status and Trends of Wetlands in the Conterminous US 1998 to 2004- [] <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Riparian Area Land Cover Data Sources: National Land-Cover Dataset and the National Hydrography Dataset  [|http://nhd.usgs.gov], US EPA and US Forest Service <span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msolist: Ignore;">o Altered Freshwater Ecosystems <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ The percentage of freshwater ecosystems that are classified as “altered”: <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· Rivers and Streams- leveed, channelized, or impounded behind a dam. Alterations in sedimentation and temperature, and barriers to movement between stream reaches- US Army Corps of Engineers and National Hydrography Dataset <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· Riparian areas- urban or agricultural land use within a zone of 100ft from center line of stream/river <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· Lakes and ponds- urban or agricultural land cover immediately adjacent to shoreline- limited to natural waterbodies <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· Wetlands- excavated, impounded, diked, partially drained, or farmed- US Fish and Wildlife Service’s National Wetlands Inventory http://www.nwi.fws.gov <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· Urban and Suburban Landscapes <span style="background: yellow; font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-highlight: yellow; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msohighlight: yellow; msolist: Ignore;">o  Area and Composition of the Urban and Suburban Landscape <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Reports the area of the urban and suburban landscape both in acres and as a percentage of all land area. The percentage of the urban and suburban landscape in a region that is undeveloped land. The composition of undeveloped lands within urban and suburban landscape by region. <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Data Source: National Land Cover Dataset <span style="background: yellow; font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-highlight: yellow; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msohighlight: yellow; msolist: Ignore;">o  Total Impervious Area <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Percentage of imperious surfaces such as roads, parking lots, driveways, sidewalks, and rooftops within a watershed. <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Data Source: National Land Cover Dataset __ Pattern __ <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· Farmlands <span style="background: yellow; font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-highlight: yellow; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msohighlight: yellow; msolist: Ignore;">o  Proximity of Cropland to Residences <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Evaluates the distance between a pixel of cropland land cover and the nearest residence. A proxy for pressures that are likely to be exerted on the farmer of that cropland. <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§  Data Gap on individual household locations and need to be uniform data from county to county. <span style="background: yellow; font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-highlight: yellow; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msohighlight: yellow; msolist: Ignore;">o  Patches of “Natural” Land in the Farmland Landscape <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Describes the size of patches of “natural” land cover in the farmland landscape- forest, grassland, shrubland, wetland, and other aquatic types- reports the size of patches of touching “natural” pixels within the farmland landscape. <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Data Source: National Land Cover Dataset - Analysis form the Environmental Protection Agency and the USDA Forest Service - identify pixels within farmland landscape and form into patches of “natural” pixels that touched along their edges including at their corners- similar to the urban and suburban landscape indicator- data from Heinz Center or Center for Landscape Analysis <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· Forests <span style="background: yellow; font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-highlight: yellow; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msohighlight: yellow; msolist: Ignore;">o  Pattern of Forest Landscapes <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Size of patches of forest land cover meeting the definition of core forest- a broad pattern where forest land cover is separated from non-natural land cover types by a buffer of forest and other natural land cover types. Once identified, patches of core forest pixels were created and reported in the indicator’s graphs, both nationally and regionally <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Data Source: NLCD and Heinz Center and Center for Landscape Analysis <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· Fresh Waters <span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msolist: Ignore;">o In-Stream Connectivity <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ The length of free-flowing stream or river that is below the “pour point” of small watersheds, called subwatersheds, to the nearest downstream dam or diversion. Reported regionally breaking out those subwatersheds that had unimpeded flow all the way to their natural terminus. <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Data Source: Landscape Pattern Task Group report at [] National Hydrography Dataset [|http://nhd.usgs.gov] NHD-plus [] - still being developed- information for NC? <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· Urban and Suburban Landscapes <span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msolist: Ignore;">o Streambank Vegetation <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Report on the percentage of miles of stream in urban and suburban areas that are lined with trees, shrubs, and other plants <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Data Source: No national source- NC? <span style="background: yellow; font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-highlight: yellow; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msohighlight: yellow; msolist: Ignore;">o  Housing Density Changes in Low-Density Suburban and Rural Areas <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ The number of new housing units added to suburban and rural areas as a function of the preexisting housing density in an area <span style="background: fuchsia; font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-highlight: fuchsia; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msohighlight: fuchsia; msolist: Ignore;">§ Data Source: SERGoM by David M. Theobald for Heinz Center- by region but can get by county or by the triangle region <span style="background: yellow; font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-highlight: yellow; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msohighlight: yellow; msolist: Ignore;">o  “Natural” Lands in the Urban and Suburban Landscape <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Describes the size of patches of “natural” land cover in urban and suburban landscapes. Natural land cover pixels include forest, grassland, shrubland, wetland, and other aquatic types. Reports the size of patches of touching natural pixels within polygons of the urban and suburban landscape. <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Data Source: National Land Cover Dataset __ Physical __ <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· Farmlands <span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msolist: Ignore;">o Potential Soil Erosion <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ The percentage of U.S. cropland (minus pastures, but including Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) acreage) in each of three categories of land condition (least prone, moderately prone, and most prone to erosion), identified on the basis of both inherent soil properties and management practices, for 1982, 1992, 1997, and 2003 for both wind and water erosion. Those most prone are mapped. <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Categories developed using the Universal Soil Loss Equation and Wind Erosion Equation- predict long-term average erosion based on measurements of the inherent soil and plot features and management and surface treatment factors <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· Water erosion- rainfall and runoff, soil erodibility, slope steepness, and length of slope, cover management, support practice factor- Annual soil erosion per unit area equals all this times each other <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· Wind erosion- soil erodibility index, climatic factor, ridge roughness, unsheltered distance along the prevailing wind direction, vegetative cover <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· Least prone to erosion- predicted erosion rate of less than 1 ton per acre per year, most prone- 3 tons per acre per year <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Data Source: USDA’s Natural Resources Conservation Service from the Natural Resources Inventory- analyzed both erosion measures separately <span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msolist: Ignore;">o Soil Salinity <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ The percentage of croplands nationally having ond of three salinity levels (less than 2 decisiemens per meter, 2 to 4, and greater than 4) with those greater than 4 being mapped. <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Data Source: USDA Natural Resource Conservation Service’s State Soil Geographic dataset or Soil Survey Geographic Database <span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msolist: Ignore;">o Stream Habitat Quality <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ The percentage of farmland stream-miles that have streambed sediments, in-stream fish habitat features and riffles and pools in one of four condition categories- natural, moderate, degraded, and unknown. <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Limited data on this- streambed sediments and in-stream habitat features on national scale- can’t be narrowed down into farmlands on a national scale- local or regional scale possible? <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· Fresh Waters <span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msolist: Ignore;">o Water Clarity <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Indicates the trophic status of lakes and reservoirs- lakes rich in nutrients (eutrophic) have algal growth and lower clarity- can harm fish/animals. Low nutrient concentrations (oligotrophic) have high transparency or clarity. Mesotrophic are intermediate. <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Data Source: Secchi depth and satellite based estimates [|http://dipin.kent.edu], satellite imagery [] and Kloiber et al. 2000 <span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msolist: Ignore;">o Stream Habitat Quality <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Percentage of stream miles in the lower 48 states with stream sediments in “natural,” moderate and degraded condition as well as the percentage of stream miles with in-stream fish habitat features in “natural”, “moderate”, and “degraded condition”. Indicator calibrated using regional references- compared to undisturbed or “natural” reference stream in that region. <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Data Source: EPA’s Wadeable Streams Assessment [], STORET data [] and [] <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· Urban and Suburban Landscapes <span style="background: yellow; font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-highlight: yellow; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msohighlight: yellow; msolist: Ignore;">o  Urban Heat Island <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Represents the difference between urban and nearby rural air temperatures and is directly related to urban land cover and human energy use. <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Data Source: National Weather Service http://www.urban-climate.org __ Plants and Animals __ <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· Farmlands <span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msolist: Ignore;">o Status of Animal Species in Farmland Areas <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Indicates the status of wildlife in farmland areas- hard to define a set of “farmland” species- indicator has not been developed <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Possible Data Sources: Breeding Bird Survey at [] or bird integrity index at [], Nature Serve’s compilation of information from state-based Heritage programs at [|http://www.natureserve.org] <span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msolist: Ignore;">o Established Non-native Plant Cover in the Farmland Landscape <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ The amount of noncropland area with different proportions of established non-native species plant cover relative to total plant cover within the farmland landscape <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ No data for indicator at this time <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· Forests <span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msolist: Ignore;">o At-Risk Native Forest Species <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Reports on the conservation status of native forest species across their full range (global ranks) as well as population trends of species that are at-risk of extinction. <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Data Source: Nature Serve program at http://www.natureserve.org/explorer/ranking.htm <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· Established Non-native Plant Cover in Forests <span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msolist: Ignore;">o Report total area covered by non-native species <span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msolist: Ignore;">o Data Source: Office of Technology Assessment publication harmful Non-Indigenous Species in the United States [], Congressional Research Service Report Harmful Non-Native Spcies: Issues for Congress at [] , [] Conneticut or [] Maryland <span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msolist: Ignore;">o Data gap: check on the Forest Inventory and Analysis program with the USDA Forest Service or N.C. monitoring program <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· Fresh Waters <span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msolist: Ignore;">o At-Risk Native Freshwater Species <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Reports on the conservation status of native freshwater species across their full range as well as population trends of native species that are at-risk of extinction. An attempt to determine its relative susceptibility to extinction. Based on factors such as population size, number of populations, and range extent and area of occupancy as well as trends in population and range size and magnitude and immediacy of threats. <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Data Source: NatureServe [] and Natural Heritage program <span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msolist: Ignore;">o Established Non-native Freshwater Species <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Reports the percentage of all hydrologic units having one of several ranges of established non-native species. Note hydrologic units can be loosely thought of as watersheds but codes may include multiple watersheds or only part of one watershed. <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Data Source: Biological Resources Division’s Nonindigenous Aquatic Species at [] <span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msolist: Ignore;">o Animal Deaths and Deformities <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Reports both the unusual mortalities in fish, freshwater aquatic mammals and waterfowl as well as the incidence of deformities in amphibians. Reported as number of individuals instead of category. <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Data Source: National Wildlife Health Center of the Biological Resource Division of the USGS, Amphibian Ark [|http://www.amphibianark.org], North American reporting Center for Amphibian Malformations [] , Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative [|http://armi.usgs.gov] <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· Urban and Suburban Landscapes <span style="background: yellow; font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-highlight: yellow; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msohighlight: yellow; msolist: Ignore;">o  Species Status <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ The percentage of “original” vertebrate animals and vascular plants that are at risk of displacement of have been displaced from metropolitan areas. <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Data Source: reported for larger metropolitan regions, Natural Heritage programs [] - NC have similar program? <span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msolist: Ignore;">o Disruptive Species <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ The number and type of disruptive species found in metropolitan areas. Disruptive species are those that have negative effects on natural areas and native species or cause damage to people and property. Categories of 5 or fewer, 6-10, 11-20, and more than 20 for large metropolitan regions and the number of disruptive species by region. <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Data Source: does not exist at this time nationally or regionally- county or state information? __ Communities __ <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· Farmlands <span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msolist: Ignore;">o Soil Biological Condition <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ The percentage of croplands in three different ranges on the Nematode Maturity Index- types of roundworms, or nematodes, in the soil. Those with low indexes would be mapped to indicate soil disturbance. <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ North Carolina does have a statewide survey- National Agricultural Statistics Service- methods still being developed <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· Forests <span style="background: yellow; font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-highlight: yellow; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msohighlight: yellow; msolist: Ignore;">o  Forest Age <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Average age of trees within a forest stand <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Data Source: Forest Service at http://fia.fs.fed.us <span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msolist: Ignore;">o  Forest Disturbance: Fire, Insects, and Disease <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Reports the number of acres affected each year by a variety of disturbances including fire, insects, and disease <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Data Source: USDA Forest Service Forest Health Monitoring program [|http://fhm.fs.fed.us], USDA Forest Service National Forest System and National Interagency Fire Center at http://www.nifc.gov <span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msolist: Ignore;">o Fire Frequency <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Designed to compare current and historic fire frequencies in order to gain an understanding of whether or not forests burn as frequently as they did prior to being influenced substantially by people. <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Data Source: [] and [] <span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msolist: Ignore;">o Forest Community Types with Significantly Reduced Area <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Based on identification of forest community types that occupy at least 70% fewer acres than at the time of widespread European settlement (1600-1800) <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Indicator in development- LANDFIRE, NatureServe, and USDA Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· Fresh Waters <span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msolist: Ignore;">o Status of Freshwater Animal Communities <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Measures the condition of fish and benthic macroinvertebrates in wadeable streams. <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Data Source: Wadeable Streams Assessment http://www.epa.gov/owow/streamsurvey <span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msolist: Ignore;">o At-Risk Freshwater Plant Communities <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Describes the percentage of freshwater plant communities in the US that are at risk of elimination globally. Data are provided on the relative risk of elimination and on the percentage of at-risk freshwater communities in each state. <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Data Source: Nature Serve and Natural Heritage programs [] <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· Urban and Suburban Landscape <span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msolist: Ignore;">o Status of Animal Communities in Urban and Suburban Streams <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ The percentage of urban and suburban stream sites in which the suite of fish and bottom dwelling animals are in natural, moderate, or degraded condition. <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Data Source: does not exist at national level- NC? __ Food, Fiber, and Water __ <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· Farmlands <span style="background: yellow; font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-highlight: yellow; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msohighlight: yellow; msolist: Ignore;">o  Major Crop Yields <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ The per-acre yield of corn, soybeans, wheat, hay, and cotton over time, with these yields converted to an index for each crop with 1975 as a base year. <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Data Source: US Department of Agriculture National Agricultural Statistics Service - data collected from states- supplemented with information from the Census of Agriculture (every 5 years)- [] Quick Stats <span style="background: yellow; font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-highlight: yellow; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msohighlight: yellow; msolist: Ignore;">o  Agricultural Inputs and Outputs <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ The total agricultural inputs and outputs quantified by the US Department of Agriculture as well as the ratio of major inputs identified to total agricultural outputs. Reports changes over time in the amount of inputs needed to produce a unit of output. <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§  Data Source : [] or [] <span style="background: yellow; font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-highlight: yellow; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msohighlight: yellow; msolist: Ignore;">o  Monetary Value of Agricultural Production <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Reports the dollar value of the annual crop output of major crops and livestock. The value is determined by multiplying the physical output of major crops and livestock by the prices (in 2005 dollars) received by producers (adjusted for inflation) <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Data source: US Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service - data on the dollar value of agricultural sales, US Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic analysis, Regional Economic Information System – data on agricultural sales per square mile- county cash receipts- [] or http://www.bea.gov/regional/reis/ <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· Forests <span style="background: yellow; font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-highlight: yellow; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msohighlight: yellow; msolist: Ignore;">o  Timber Harvest <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Reports trends in timber harvest volume, by region and by primary product category (sawlogs, pulpwood, logging residues/other removals, fuelwood, veneer logs, and other products)- includes all harvest material including rotten trees or tress that do not meet specific size standards and also includes lands other than those classified as timberlands. <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Data Sources: Forest statistics, online databases, and a map of US forest distribution are on the web at [|http://fia.fs.fed.us]  Forest Products Laboratory data synthesizing Department of Commerce and industry trade association data at http;//www.fpl.fs.fed.us <span style="background: yellow; font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-highlight: yellow; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msohighlight: yellow; msolist: Ignore;">o   Timber Growth and Harvest <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Describes how much timber grows each year, compared to how much is cut. Used to assess whether wood harvesting is reducing the volume of tree biomass in a forest. <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Data Source: Forest statistics  [|http://fia.fs.fed.us] and Forest Products Laboratory data synthesizing Department of Commerce and industry trade association data at [|http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us] <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· Fresh Waters <span style="background: yellow; font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-highlight: yellow; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msohighlight: yellow; msolist: Ignore;">o  Water Withdrawals <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Reports five mutually exclusive categories of water use- municipal supply, rural, irrigation, thermoelectric, and industrial. <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Data Source: USGS Circular series Estimated Use of Water in the US at http://water.usgs.gov/watuse <span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msolist: Ignore;">o Groundwater Levels <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Describe changes in water levels in major regional aquifers by reporting the fraction of the total area of regional aquifers that declined, increased, or remained stable in comparison to a previous period and would be reported every 5 years. <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Data Source: No national data- Data for NC? <span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msolist: Ignore;">o Waterborne Human Disease Outbreaks <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Describe the number of human waterborne disease outbreaks attributed to drinking water and swimming or other recreational contact from lakes, streams or rivers. <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Data Source: Centers for Disease Control [], Data may not be available by county and not always accurate levels of reporting __ Recreation and Other Services __ <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· Farmlands <span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msolist: Ignore;">o Recreation in Farmland Areas <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Number of days spent fishing, hunting, viewing wildlife, or engaged in other recreational activities on farmland <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ National data not available- state or county data available? <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· Forests <span style="background: yellow; font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-highlight: yellow; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msohighlight: yellow; msolist: Ignore;">o  Recreation in Forests <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Results of surveys designed to track the participation of US residents in various recreational activities in forested ecosystems. <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Data Source: National Survey on Recreation and the Environment and USDA Forest Service <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· Fresh Waters <span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msolist: Ignore;">o Freshwater Recreational Activities <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ The number of days that US residents 16 and older took part in a variety of freshwater recreational activities. <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Data Source: Outdoor Recreation indicator- Any countywide surveys? Or state surveys by zip code/ county? <span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· Urban and Suburban Landscape <span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msolist: Ignore;">o  Publicly Accessible Open Space per Resident <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Represents the amount of publicly accessible open space per resident for major urban and suburban areas in the US. Natural lands include areas managed for their natural values as well as areas that are vegetated, but also relatively highly managed, such as playing fields and parks. <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Data Source: No national data- depend on county information or Natural Land Cover Dataset and property ownership- where map comes in. <span style="font-family: 'Courier New'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Courier New'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Courier New'; msolist: Ignore;">o Natural Ecosystem Services <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ The ecosystem services provided to urban and suburban residents recognizing that some of these benefits will be derived from lands or waters outside urban and suburban landscapes- still being developed (ideas include measures of tree canopy and wetlands, streams, and grasslands especially for stormwater management) <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; msobidifontfamily: Wingdings; msofareastfontfamily: Wingdings; msolist: Ignore;">§ Data Sources: [|http://lternet.edu] National Science Foundation’s Long Term Ecological Research Network
 * Indicates Those Most Interested In **
 * National Land Cover Dataset **
 * Economic Datasets  **
 * Forest Datasets **
 * Water Quality/ EPA Datasets **
 * Questionable Data Availability **